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Multidimensional approaches to impacts of changing environment on human health : [electronic book] /

Contributor(s): Dutta, Joystu [editor.] | Goswami, Srijan [editor.] | Mitra, Abhijit [editor.].
Publisher: Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2022Description: 1 online resource (443 pages).Content type: text Media type: computer Carrier type: online resourceISBN: 9781000431810.Subject(s): Environmental health | Public health -- Environmental aspects | Climatic changesDDC classification: 613.1 Online resources: Access ebook here
Contents:
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- About the Editors -- List of Contributors -- Unit I Impacts of Changing Environment on Human Health -- 1 Air Pollutants and Acid Precipitation: Impact on Ecology and Human Health -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Effects of Acid Deposition -- 1.2.1 Acidification of Surface Waters (Freshwater Rivers, Lakes, and Oceans) and Subsequent Damage to Aquatic Ecosystems -- 1.2.1.1 Ocean Acidification and Consequences -- 1.2.2 Acidification of Soil and Damage to Forests -- 1.2.3 Damage to Materials and Structures -- 1.2.4 Damage to Human Health -- 1.3 Mitigation, Conclusions, and Way Forward -- 1.3.1 Use of Clean Fuel Technologies -- 1.3.2 Use of Alternative Renewable Energy Sources -- 1.3.3 Use of Lime -- 1.4 Case Study: Acid Precipitation and Aluminum Toxicity -- Note -- References -- 2 Human Health in a Changing Environment: Exploring the Biological and Socioeconomic Impacts -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Spectrum of Health Impacts of a Changing Environment -- 2.2.1 Acute Health Impacts -- 2.2.2 Chronic Health Impacts -- 2.3 Socioeconomic Effects of Climate and Environmental Change-Induced Health Impacts -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- Unit II Impact of Increasing Environmental Pollution on Human Health -- 3 Airborne Staphylococcus Aureus and Its Impact on Human Health: A Review in an Indian Context -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Prevalence of S. Aureus and MRSA in the Indoor Air of Indian Hospitals -- 3.3 Prevalence of Airborne S. Aureus in Non-Hospital Environments of India -- 3.4 Transmission of S. Aureus Through Air -- 3.5 Environmental Factors Affecting S. Aureus Survivability in the Air -- 3.6 Health Impacts of Airborne S. Aureus Exposure -- 3.7 Bioaerosol Collection Methods for Airborne S. Aureus.
3.8 Selective Growth Medium Used for Isolation of S. Aureus and MRSA -- 3.9 Culture-Independent Identification of Airborne S. Aureus -- 3.10 Current Air Decontamination Against S. Aureus -- 3.11 Guidelines to Reduce Airborne S. Aureus and MRSA -- 3.12 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Time Series Analysis of Coliform Bacterial Density in the River Ganges as a Potential Indicator of Water Contamination ... -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Materials and Methods -- 4.2.1 Sampling of River and Estuarine Water -- 4.2.2 Determination of Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform From Water Samples -- 4.2.3 Preparation of Lauryl Tryptose Broth for Presumptive Test -- 4.2.4 Preparation of Brilliant Green Lactose Bile Broth for Confirmatory Test -- 4.2.5 Preparation of EC Broth for Fecal Coliform -- 4.2.6 Presumptive Test for the Detection of Total Coliform in Water Samples -- 4.2.7 Confirmatory Test for the Detection of Total Coliform in Water Samples -- 4.2.8 Determination of Fecal Coliform From Water Samples -- 4.2.9 Determination of Total Dissolved Solid From Water Samples -- 4.2.10 Statistical Analysis -- 4.3 Results -- 4.3.1 Spatio-Temporal Analyses of Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform, and Total Dissolved Solid Load -- 4.3.2 ANOVA Showing Spatio-Temporal Variations in the Selected Hydrological Parameters -- 4.3.3 Correlation Between the Selected Hydrological Parameters -- 4.4 Discussion -- 4.5 Conclusions -- 4.6 Proposed Mitigating Measures -- 4.7 Challenges and Future Perspectives -- Notes -- References -- 5 Evaluation of Health Quality in Two Studied Groups of School Children From an Arsenic-Exposed Area of West Bengal, India -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Materials and Methods -- 5.2.1 Study Area -- 5.2.2 Sample Collection, Preparation, and Preservation -- 5.2.3 Chemicals and Reagents -- 5.2.4 Digestion -- 5.2.5 Analysis -- 5.2.6 Data Analysis.
5.2.7 Quality Control and Quality Assurance -- 5.3 Results and Discussion -- 5.3.1 Drinking Water As Contamination Status -- 5.3.2 Rice Grain As Contamination Status -- 5.3.3 Daily Dietary Intake of As -- 5.3.4 Biomarkers: Health Exposure -- 5.3.5 Contribution of Intake As on Biomarkers -- 5.3.6 Health Risk Assessment -- 5.4 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Evaluation of Health Effects and Risk Assessment of Arsenic on an Unexposed Population From an Arsenic-Exposed Zone ... -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Materials and Methods -- 6.2.1 Study Area -- 6.2.2 Sample Collection and Preservation -- 6.2.3 Chemicals and Reagents -- 6.2.4 Sample Digestion and Analysis -- 6.2.5 Quality Control and Quality Assurance -- 6.2.6 Health Risk Assessment -- 6.2.6.1 Carcinogenic Health Risk Assessment -- 6.2.6.2 Non-Carcinogenic Health Risk Assessment -- 6.3 Results and Discussion -- 6.3.1 Arsenic Contamination Scenario of the Exposed Zone -- 6.3.1.1 Groundwater Arsenic Scenario -- 6.3.1.2 Arsenic in Cooked Rice -- 6.3.1.3 Accumulation of Arsenic in Dietary Baby Food Products -- 6.3.2 Observed Daily Dietary Intake Rate of Arsenic for Mother and Infant Through Drinking Water and Cooked Rice -- 6.3.3 Effect of Arsenic Toxicity on the Unexposed Population -- 6.3.3.1 Acute Exposure Level of Arsenic Toxicity -- 6.3.3.2 Chronic Exposure Level of Arsenic Toxicity -- 6.3.4 Relation Between Dietary Arsenic Intake and Excretion -- 6.3.5 Health Risk Assessment Analysis on the Mother and Infant Population Through Consumption of Dietary Intakes -- 6.4 Conclusion -- References -- Unit III Climate Change and Human Health: A Perspective -- 7 Climate Insecurity, Health and Well-Being Among Ganga-Meghna-Brahmaputra Delta Communities -- 7.1 Introduction: Climate and Health Inter-Linkages -- 7.2 Social Determinants of Health.
7.3 Theoretical Underpinning of How Climate as a Social Determinant Emerged to Limit Capability of a Person to Access Health Care -- 7.4 Cases of Indian Sundarbans -- 7.4.1 Background -- 7.4.2 Climate Impacts on Child Health in Indian Sundarbans -- 7.4.3 The Climatic Context of the Sundarbans: A Determinant in Itself -- 7.4.4 Climate Change Moderating Other Determinants of Health -- 7.4.5 Health Care Delivery System: Sub-Optimal to Cater Generally as Well as Climate-Sensitive Health Care Services -- 7.4.6 Conclusion -- References -- Unit IV Industrial Safety and Occupational Health Issues -- 8 Occupational Hazards in Alternative Medicinal Industry: An Exploratory Study -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 AYUSH Industry: Overview on Occupational Health -- 8.2.1 Intersection With One Health -- 8.3 Method -- 8.4 Current Scenario on Occupational Health in the AYUSH Industry -- 8.4.1 Literature Available on Occupational Health -- 8.4.2 Implementation in a Factory -- 8.4.3 Practitioners Exempted From GMP -- 8.4.4 Observations From the Field -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Silicosis: An Occupational Health Crisis Among Stone Grinders -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Sources of Silica -- 9.3 Properties of Silica -- 9.4 Silica Generation By Hazardous Industries -- 9.5 The Harmful Effects of Silica Dust -- 9.6 Silicosis Types -- 9.6.1 Chronic Or Classic Silicosis -- 9.6.2 Accelerated Silicosis -- 9.6.3 Acute Silicosis -- 9.7 Indian Scenario of Silicosis -- 9.8 World Scenario of Silicosis -- 9.9 Mitigation Measurements for Prevention of Silica Dust Exposure -- References -- Unit V Food Safety and Impacts on Health and Environment -- 10 Impact of Climate Change on Food Safety: A Review -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Impacts of Climate Change on Important Sectors -- 10.2.1 Agriculture and Livestock -- 10.2.2 Crop Production -- 10.2.3 Fisheries.
10.3 Food Handling, Processing and Trading -- 10.4 Microbiological Food Contamination and Associated Foodborne Diseases -- 10.5 Foodborne Diseases, Health and Safety Measures -- 10.6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- 11 Flourishing Amidst Ecological Pressures: Insights From the Experience of the Solegas of Karnataka, India -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Methodology -- 11.3 Forest, Farming and Food Systems of Solegas: Teasing Out the Interlinkages -- 11.3.1 Forests of BR Hills: Lifeline of Solega Sustenance -- 11.3.1.1 Ecological and Cultural Diversity of BR Hills Landscape -- 11.3.1.2 Extraction of Non-Timber Forest Products -- Livelihood and Ecological Implications -- 11.3.1.3 Fire and Invasive Species: Major Drivers of Forest Ecosystem Changes -- 11.3.1.4 Social and Ecological Impacts of Conservation Policies -- 11.3.2 Farming Systems of Solegas -- 11.3.2.1 Traditional Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Practices -- 11.3.2.2 Traditional Knowledge, Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Farming -- 11.3.2.3 Shift to Commercial Crops -- Drivers, Status and Impacts -- 11.3.3 Food, Health and Nutrition Among Solegas -- 11.3.3.1 Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Status -- 11.3.3.2 Health Status and Access to Services -- 11.4 Framing the Relationship Between Forests, Farming and Food Systems of Solegas -- 11.5 Interventions That Could Restore Solega Flourishing -- 11.6 Suggestions for Future Exploration -- 11.7 Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 12 Evaluation of Arsenic Entry Routes Into Rice Grain During Harvesting, Post-Harvesting of Paddy and Cooked Rice Preparation -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Materials and Methodology -- 12.2.1 Study Area -- 12.2.2 Sample Collection, Preparation and Preservation -- 12.2.3 Chemicals and Reagents -- 12.2.4 Digestion Protocol -- 12.2.5 Analysis -- 12.2.6 Data Analysis.
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Includes bibliographical references and index.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- About the Editors -- List of Contributors -- Unit I Impacts of Changing Environment on Human Health -- 1 Air Pollutants and Acid Precipitation: Impact on Ecology and Human Health -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Effects of Acid Deposition -- 1.2.1 Acidification of Surface Waters (Freshwater Rivers, Lakes, and Oceans) and Subsequent Damage to Aquatic Ecosystems -- 1.2.1.1 Ocean Acidification and Consequences -- 1.2.2 Acidification of Soil and Damage to Forests -- 1.2.3 Damage to Materials and Structures -- 1.2.4 Damage to Human Health -- 1.3 Mitigation, Conclusions, and Way Forward -- 1.3.1 Use of Clean Fuel Technologies -- 1.3.2 Use of Alternative Renewable Energy Sources -- 1.3.3 Use of Lime -- 1.4 Case Study: Acid Precipitation and Aluminum Toxicity -- Note -- References -- 2 Human Health in a Changing Environment: Exploring the Biological and Socioeconomic Impacts -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Spectrum of Health Impacts of a Changing Environment -- 2.2.1 Acute Health Impacts -- 2.2.2 Chronic Health Impacts -- 2.3 Socioeconomic Effects of Climate and Environmental Change-Induced Health Impacts -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- Unit II Impact of Increasing Environmental Pollution on Human Health -- 3 Airborne Staphylococcus Aureus and Its Impact on Human Health: A Review in an Indian Context -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Prevalence of S. Aureus and MRSA in the Indoor Air of Indian Hospitals -- 3.3 Prevalence of Airborne S. Aureus in Non-Hospital Environments of India -- 3.4 Transmission of S. Aureus Through Air -- 3.5 Environmental Factors Affecting S. Aureus Survivability in the Air -- 3.6 Health Impacts of Airborne S. Aureus Exposure -- 3.7 Bioaerosol Collection Methods for Airborne S. Aureus.

3.8 Selective Growth Medium Used for Isolation of S. Aureus and MRSA -- 3.9 Culture-Independent Identification of Airborne S. Aureus -- 3.10 Current Air Decontamination Against S. Aureus -- 3.11 Guidelines to Reduce Airborne S. Aureus and MRSA -- 3.12 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Time Series Analysis of Coliform Bacterial Density in the River Ganges as a Potential Indicator of Water Contamination ... -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Materials and Methods -- 4.2.1 Sampling of River and Estuarine Water -- 4.2.2 Determination of Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform From Water Samples -- 4.2.3 Preparation of Lauryl Tryptose Broth for Presumptive Test -- 4.2.4 Preparation of Brilliant Green Lactose Bile Broth for Confirmatory Test -- 4.2.5 Preparation of EC Broth for Fecal Coliform -- 4.2.6 Presumptive Test for the Detection of Total Coliform in Water Samples -- 4.2.7 Confirmatory Test for the Detection of Total Coliform in Water Samples -- 4.2.8 Determination of Fecal Coliform From Water Samples -- 4.2.9 Determination of Total Dissolved Solid From Water Samples -- 4.2.10 Statistical Analysis -- 4.3 Results -- 4.3.1 Spatio-Temporal Analyses of Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform, and Total Dissolved Solid Load -- 4.3.2 ANOVA Showing Spatio-Temporal Variations in the Selected Hydrological Parameters -- 4.3.3 Correlation Between the Selected Hydrological Parameters -- 4.4 Discussion -- 4.5 Conclusions -- 4.6 Proposed Mitigating Measures -- 4.7 Challenges and Future Perspectives -- Notes -- References -- 5 Evaluation of Health Quality in Two Studied Groups of School Children From an Arsenic-Exposed Area of West Bengal, India -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Materials and Methods -- 5.2.1 Study Area -- 5.2.2 Sample Collection, Preparation, and Preservation -- 5.2.3 Chemicals and Reagents -- 5.2.4 Digestion -- 5.2.5 Analysis -- 5.2.6 Data Analysis.

5.2.7 Quality Control and Quality Assurance -- 5.3 Results and Discussion -- 5.3.1 Drinking Water As Contamination Status -- 5.3.2 Rice Grain As Contamination Status -- 5.3.3 Daily Dietary Intake of As -- 5.3.4 Biomarkers: Health Exposure -- 5.3.5 Contribution of Intake As on Biomarkers -- 5.3.6 Health Risk Assessment -- 5.4 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Evaluation of Health Effects and Risk Assessment of Arsenic on an Unexposed Population From an Arsenic-Exposed Zone ... -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Materials and Methods -- 6.2.1 Study Area -- 6.2.2 Sample Collection and Preservation -- 6.2.3 Chemicals and Reagents -- 6.2.4 Sample Digestion and Analysis -- 6.2.5 Quality Control and Quality Assurance -- 6.2.6 Health Risk Assessment -- 6.2.6.1 Carcinogenic Health Risk Assessment -- 6.2.6.2 Non-Carcinogenic Health Risk Assessment -- 6.3 Results and Discussion -- 6.3.1 Arsenic Contamination Scenario of the Exposed Zone -- 6.3.1.1 Groundwater Arsenic Scenario -- 6.3.1.2 Arsenic in Cooked Rice -- 6.3.1.3 Accumulation of Arsenic in Dietary Baby Food Products -- 6.3.2 Observed Daily Dietary Intake Rate of Arsenic for Mother and Infant Through Drinking Water and Cooked Rice -- 6.3.3 Effect of Arsenic Toxicity on the Unexposed Population -- 6.3.3.1 Acute Exposure Level of Arsenic Toxicity -- 6.3.3.2 Chronic Exposure Level of Arsenic Toxicity -- 6.3.4 Relation Between Dietary Arsenic Intake and Excretion -- 6.3.5 Health Risk Assessment Analysis on the Mother and Infant Population Through Consumption of Dietary Intakes -- 6.4 Conclusion -- References -- Unit III Climate Change and Human Health: A Perspective -- 7 Climate Insecurity, Health and Well-Being Among Ganga-Meghna-Brahmaputra Delta Communities -- 7.1 Introduction: Climate and Health Inter-Linkages -- 7.2 Social Determinants of Health.

7.3 Theoretical Underpinning of How Climate as a Social Determinant Emerged to Limit Capability of a Person to Access Health Care -- 7.4 Cases of Indian Sundarbans -- 7.4.1 Background -- 7.4.2 Climate Impacts on Child Health in Indian Sundarbans -- 7.4.3 The Climatic Context of the Sundarbans: A Determinant in Itself -- 7.4.4 Climate Change Moderating Other Determinants of Health -- 7.4.5 Health Care Delivery System: Sub-Optimal to Cater Generally as Well as Climate-Sensitive Health Care Services -- 7.4.6 Conclusion -- References -- Unit IV Industrial Safety and Occupational Health Issues -- 8 Occupational Hazards in Alternative Medicinal Industry: An Exploratory Study -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 AYUSH Industry: Overview on Occupational Health -- 8.2.1 Intersection With One Health -- 8.3 Method -- 8.4 Current Scenario on Occupational Health in the AYUSH Industry -- 8.4.1 Literature Available on Occupational Health -- 8.4.2 Implementation in a Factory -- 8.4.3 Practitioners Exempted From GMP -- 8.4.4 Observations From the Field -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Silicosis: An Occupational Health Crisis Among Stone Grinders -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Sources of Silica -- 9.3 Properties of Silica -- 9.4 Silica Generation By Hazardous Industries -- 9.5 The Harmful Effects of Silica Dust -- 9.6 Silicosis Types -- 9.6.1 Chronic Or Classic Silicosis -- 9.6.2 Accelerated Silicosis -- 9.6.3 Acute Silicosis -- 9.7 Indian Scenario of Silicosis -- 9.8 World Scenario of Silicosis -- 9.9 Mitigation Measurements for Prevention of Silica Dust Exposure -- References -- Unit V Food Safety and Impacts on Health and Environment -- 10 Impact of Climate Change on Food Safety: A Review -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Impacts of Climate Change on Important Sectors -- 10.2.1 Agriculture and Livestock -- 10.2.2 Crop Production -- 10.2.3 Fisheries.

10.3 Food Handling, Processing and Trading -- 10.4 Microbiological Food Contamination and Associated Foodborne Diseases -- 10.5 Foodborne Diseases, Health and Safety Measures -- 10.6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- 11 Flourishing Amidst Ecological Pressures: Insights From the Experience of the Solegas of Karnataka, India -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Methodology -- 11.3 Forest, Farming and Food Systems of Solegas: Teasing Out the Interlinkages -- 11.3.1 Forests of BR Hills: Lifeline of Solega Sustenance -- 11.3.1.1 Ecological and Cultural Diversity of BR Hills Landscape -- 11.3.1.2 Extraction of Non-Timber Forest Products -- Livelihood and Ecological Implications -- 11.3.1.3 Fire and Invasive Species: Major Drivers of Forest Ecosystem Changes -- 11.3.1.4 Social and Ecological Impacts of Conservation Policies -- 11.3.2 Farming Systems of Solegas -- 11.3.2.1 Traditional Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Practices -- 11.3.2.2 Traditional Knowledge, Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Farming -- 11.3.2.3 Shift to Commercial Crops -- Drivers, Status and Impacts -- 11.3.3 Food, Health and Nutrition Among Solegas -- 11.3.3.1 Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Status -- 11.3.3.2 Health Status and Access to Services -- 11.4 Framing the Relationship Between Forests, Farming and Food Systems of Solegas -- 11.5 Interventions That Could Restore Solega Flourishing -- 11.6 Suggestions for Future Exploration -- 11.7 Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 12 Evaluation of Arsenic Entry Routes Into Rice Grain During Harvesting, Post-Harvesting of Paddy and Cooked Rice Preparation -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Materials and Methodology -- 12.2.1 Study Area -- 12.2.2 Sample Collection, Preparation and Preservation -- 12.2.3 Chemicals and Reagents -- 12.2.4 Digestion Protocol -- 12.2.5 Analysis -- 12.2.6 Data Analysis.

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